Long-tail Macaque

Macaca fascicularis

Description

Macaca fascicularis is the smallest macaca in Indonesia. The tail reaches 36 – 71.5 cm in length for males and 31.5 – 63.8 cm for females. In general, the body size of individuals in coastal areas or lowlands is greater than those living at higher altitudes. The color of the hair on its back varies according to where it is found, from yellowish to yellowish ash, golden brown to reddish brown, dark brown to blackish. The crown on his head is lighter in color than the hair on the back of the head. The color of the face is gray or brownish yellow, the eyelids and skin above are lighter in color. Juveniles are black with a slightly pinkish-faced skin at birth, after a few months the color becomes gray or brownish gray.

Population Size

-

Life Span

-

WEIGHT​

-

LENGTH

-

Ar

Arboreal

Di

Diurnal

Om

Omnivore

Classification

KINGDOM

:

Animalia

PHYLUM

:

Chordata

CLASS

:

Mammalia

ORDER

:

Primata

FAMILY

:

Cercopithecidae

GENUS

:

Macaca

SPECIES

:

Macaca fascicularis

Distribution

Macaca fascicularis lives in primary and secondary forest in the lowlands to the highlands with an altitude of more than 1000 m above sea level. In the highlands it is generally found in secondary forest or plantation areas. It is also found in mangrove forests and near residential areas.

Geography

Continent : Asia

Country : Macaca fascicularis is widespread in Asia, ranging from Bangladesh, India, Cambodia, Myanmar (Mergui Islands), Philippines (Balabec, Basilan, Cagayan Sulu, Culion, Jolo, Leyte, Luzon, Mindanao, Mindoro, Palawan, Samar), Vietnam, Thailand , Laos, Malaysia (Peninsula, Sabah, Sarawak), Singapore and Timor Leste. In Indonesia, this species can be found in Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java, Bali, Sumba and Timor.

Habits and Lifestyle

Macaca fascicularis lives in trees, usually trees near rivers to rest. This species groups with varying numbers, generally ranging from 20-30 individuals, balanced between male and female. The size of the group corresponds to the presence of predators and food in the area. There is often competition between males in groups, competition with other groups is usually caused by food.

Lifestyle

Arboreal and communal

Biome

–

Climate Zone

Tropical

Diet and Nutrition

Macaca fascicularis is an all-eating or omnivore animal, its food is in the form of fruits, leaves, flowers, insect larvae, fungi, vines. It is also known to eat crab, shellfish, shrimp and other crustaceans.

Diet : Omnivora

Mating Habits

Males Macaca fascicularis reach maturity at around 6 years of age, while females are around 4 years old. As the female approaches the time of ovulation the skin in the perineum area (between the base of the tail and the anus) swells, females hide the time of ovulation to persuade males to stay longer. The time a female ape conceives is estimated to be about 162 days, with an interval between births of about 390 days. Young macaques were cared for up to 420 days of age, the length of time to breastfeeding and the interval between births were influenced by female rank. The peak birth of this species is between May and July, along with the rainy season.

Reproduction session : –

Incubation periods: 162 days

Independent age : 420 days

Baby name : –

Baby carrying : 1

Population

Population status : Vulnerable (VU)

NE

DD

LC

NT

VU

EN

CR

EW

EX

Population threats​

The greatest threat to the Macaca fascicularis population comes from humans. This species is widely hunted to be raised and eaten, besides that they are also killed because they are considered as agricultural pests. In Cambodia and Vietnam female macaques are usually brought to breeding sites and male macaques are exported for use in research. However, in some countries this species is protected because of its dwindling numbers. In Bali, monkeys are found in many holy places, so they are considered as sacred animals.

Population number​

Macaca fascicularis is categorized as a vulnerable species in extinction. The population number of this species is not known for sure, but from year to year it is known that the number of species has decreased.

PHOTO GALLERY

Reference

  1. Supriatna, J. 201 Field Guide to The Indonesia Primates. Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia, Jakarta.
  2. Nicobar Crab-eating Macaque on The IUCN Redlist article 
  3. Crab-eating Macaque Wikipedia article 
  4. Macaca fascicularis Long-tailed Macaque