The Horsfield’s Baron

Tanaecia iapis

Description

Male Tanaecia iapis has dark velvety black upperwings, the hindwings have a wide distal green-blue border that continues at the tips of the forewings. The undersides of the wings are pale light brown with a series of dark striae on the forewing cells, without white spots. Female butterfly has pale brown upperwings with a series of white, helmet-shaped spots, series of marginal spots on both fore and hind wings. On the underside there is an additional whitish stripe on the margin and post-discal on both wings.

Larva: Tanaecia iapis larvae are greenish in color with several small spots on their body, have ten pairs of protuberances extending each instar development, these protuberances are projected horizontally and are always pressed onto the leaf surface, branching off with secondary spines arranged neatly around the spine. Its back has a white patch that appears between the 3rd to 10th ridges, these white patches merge and look like an eye.

Pupa: The Tanaecia iapis pupa is green with a series of golden spots arranged symmetrically, the body surface is smooth, the shape is sharp at each end, has two golden cephalic horns.

Population Size

-

Life Span

-

WEIGHT​

-

LENGTH

Wingspan from 35 - 45 mm.

Ar

Arboreal

He

Herbivore

Classification

KINGDOM

:

Animalia

PHYLUM

:

Arthropoda

CLASS

:

Insecta

ORDER

:

Lepidoptera

FAMILY

:

Nymphalidae

GENUS

:

Tanaecia

SPECIES

:

Tanaecia iapis

Distribution

Tanaecia iapis can be found in tropical rainforests, nature reserves and sometimes in parks to abandoned land with an altitude of about 500 meters above sea level.

Geography

Continent : Asia

Country : Tanaecia iapis spread across West Malaysia, Sumatra, Palawan, Kalimantan and Java.

Habits and Lifestyle

Tanaecia iapis can often be seen perched in low leaves with outstretched wings. Male butterflies exhibit territorial behavior by chasing other species around their perches.

Lifestyle

Arboreal

Biome

Tropical rain forest

Climate Zone

Tropical

Diet and Nutrition

Larvae of Tanaecia iapis feed on the leaves of the species Melastoma malabathricum (Melastomataceae) and Careya (Lethycidaceae).

Diet : Herbivore (larva), Nectarivore

Mating Habits

Tanaecia iapis reproduces by laying eggs (oviparous), the eggs are laid individually at the tip of the leaves of the host plant. The eggs are pale green, after a few hours turning dark green, slightly spherical in shape with a surface marked with hexagonal holes and a bearing of short spines in the corner of the hole.

Life cycle (Metamorfosis) : Tanaecia iapis caterpillar passes through 5 instars before pupating, its body is green, has ten pairs of protuberances extending each instar development, these protrusions are projected horizontally. The pupa phase occurs under the leaves, the pupa is yellowish green, the shape is sharp at each end, has two golden cephalic horns. After 10 days, the butterflies emerge from the pupa.

Reproduction session : –

Incubation periods: 4,5-5 days

Independent age : at birth

Baby name : –

Baby carrying : –

Population

Population status : Not Evaluated (NE)

NE

DD

LC

NT

VU

EN

CR

EW

EX

PHOTO GALLERY

Reference

  1. Khoon, S. 2010. A Field Guide to The Butterflies of Singapore. Ink On Paper Communications, Singapore.
  2. Tan, H. and Khoon, K.S. 2012. Caterpillars of Singapore’s Butterflies. National Park Board, Singapore.
  3. Life History of The Horsfield’s Baron article 
  4. Horsfield’s Baron article