Eurasian Tree Sparrow

Passer montanus

Description

Passer montanus is a species of bird that is very easy to find with a body length of about 14 cm. In male individuals, the top of the head is brick red, the throat is black with the edge of the neck white. The stomach is bluish white. In female individuals, it is almost indistinguishable from male individuals, but the overall color is slightly pale. Young birds resemble adult birds, although they tend to be duller in color.

Population Size

Unknown

Life Span

-

WEIGHT​

-

LENGTH

14 cm

Di

Diurnal

Om

Omnivore

Classification

KINGDOM

:

Animalia

PHYLUM

:

Chordata

CLASS

:

Aves

ORDER

:

Passeriformes

FAMILY

:

Passeridae

GENUS

:

Passer

SPECIES

:

Passer montanus

Distribution

Passer montanus is widely distributed from Europe to Southeast Asia, inhabits urban and rural areas in large numbers, can be found in open areas.

Geography

Continent : Eurasia

Country : Eurasia, India, China, Sulawesi, Philippines, Borneo, Sumatra, Java and Bali as well as spread to Australia and the Pacific Islands

Habits and Lifestyle

Passer montanus is closely related to humans, living in groups around houses, warehouses and foraging in gardens and fields, pecking small seeds or rice, flocks of this species come to the fields in the harvest season.

Lifestyle

Groups

Biome

Open land

Climate Zone

Tropical and sub tropical

Diet and Nutrition

This species feeds on weed seeds, such as chickweed and goosefoot, as well as fallen seeds, and will also eat invertebrates, especially during the breeding season when the chicks are fed mainly from animal foods: such as insects, woodlice, millipedes, centipedes , and spiders.

Diet : Omnivora

Mating Habits

Passer montanus nests consist of bundles of straw, grass, wool or other material and are lined with fur, to increase thermal insulation. Generally lay five or six eggs are white to pale gray and freckled, measuring 20 mm × 14 mm and weighing 2.1 grams. Eggs are incubated by both parents for 12-13 days before hatching, and another 15-18 days before they become adults. the birds that breed in the colony produce more eggs. Females that copulate frequently tend to lay more eggs and have a shorter incubation time, so mating in pairs can be an indicator of the mate’s reproductive ability of this species. The breeding season lasts all year round with a peak in West Java from May to July

Reproduction session : all years

Incubation periods: 12 – 13 days

Independent age : after 15 – 18 days

Baby name : –

Baby carrying : 5 or 6 eggs

Population

Population status : Least Concern (LC)

NE

DD

LC

NT

VU

EN

CR

EW

EX

Population threats​

Declines in this species in Europe may be a result of changes in agricultural practices such as the increased use of pesticides and herbicides and the autumn sowing of cereals which have lead to decreases in food for this species

Population number​

The population size is extremely large, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population size criterion. For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern.

PHOTO GALLERY

Reference

  1. Burung Gereja Erasia on Wikipedia article 
  2. Eurasian Tree Sparrow on Wikipedia article 
  3. Passer montanus on Red List IUCN site